{
  "uid": "incus-storage-filesystem",
  "title": "Storage & Filesystem",
  "description": "Filesystem usage, available space trends, disk throughput, I/O latency, disk utilization, and inode usage per node.",
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    "incus",
    "incusos",
    "storage",
    "node-exporter"
  ],
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  "refresh": "30s",
  "time": {
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    "to": "now"
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  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "liveNow": false,
  "editable": true,
  "graphTooltip": 1,
  "links": [
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      "asDropdown": true,
      "icon": "external link",
      "includeVars": true,
      "keepTime": true,
      "tags": [
        "incus"
      ],
      "targetBlank": false,
      "title": "Incus Dashboards",
      "type": "dashboards"
    }
  ],
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        "current": {},
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          "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
        },
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        },
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  "annotations": {
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        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": {
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          "uid": "-- Grafana --"
        },
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
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      }
    ]
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      "gridPos": {
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        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
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      "panels": []
    },
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      "title": "Filesystem Usage Table",
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          "legendFormat": "",
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          "format": "table",
          "instant": true
        },
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          "expr": "(1 - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~\"$node\", mountpoint=~\"$mountpoint\", fstype!~\"tmpfs|overlay\"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~\"$node\", mountpoint=~\"$mountpoint\", fstype!~\"tmpfs|overlay\"}) * 100",
          "legendFormat": "",
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        }
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          },
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            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "instance"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "displayName",
                "value": "Node"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "mountpoint"
            },
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              {
                "id": "displayName",
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              }
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          },
          {
            "matcher": {
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              "options": "fstype"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "displayName",
                "value": "FS Type"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "Value #A"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "displayName",
                "value": "Size"
              },
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "bytes"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
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            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "displayName",
                "value": "Available"
              },
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "bytes"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
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            },
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              {
                "id": "displayName",
                "value": "Used %"
              },
              {
                "id": "unit",
                "value": "percent"
              },
              {
                "id": "custom.displayMode",
                "value": "color-background"
              },
              {
                "id": "thresholds",
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                  "mode": "absolute",
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                    {
                      "color": "green",
                      "value": null
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "yellow",
                      "value": 70
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "orange",
                      "value": 85
                    },
                    {
                      "color": "red",
                      "value": 95
                    }
                  ]
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "options": {
        "showHeader": true,
        "sortBy": [],
        "footer": {
          "show": false,
          "reducer": [
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          ],
          "fields": ""
        }
      },
      "transformations": [
        {
          "id": "merge",
          "options": {}
        },
        {
          "id": "organize",
          "options": {
            "excludeByName": {
              "Time": true,
              "__name__": true,
              "job": true,
              "device": true
            },
            "renameByName": {}
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "row",
      "title": "Space Trends",
      "collapsed": false,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 9
      },
      "id": 3,
      "panels": []
    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Available Space Over Time",
      "description": "Tracks available filesystem space over time per node and mountpoint. Use this to identify gradual space consumption trends before they become critical.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 10
      },
      "id": 4,
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~\"$node\", mountpoint=~\"$mountpoint\", fstype!~\"tmpfs|overlay\"}",
          "legendFormat": "{{instance}} {{mountpoint}}",
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "fieldConfig": {
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            "drawStyle": "line",
            "lineInterpolation": "smooth",
            "lineWidth": 2,
            "fillOpacity": 15,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "spanNulls": false,
            "showPoints": "never",
            "pointSize": 5,
            "stacking": {
              "mode": "none",
              "group": "A"
            },
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
            }
          },
          "unit": "bytes",
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
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              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
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        },
        "overrides": []
      },
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          "mode": "multi",
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    },
    {
      "type": "row",
      "title": "Disk Throughput",
      "collapsed": false,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 18
      },
      "id": 5,
      "panels": []
    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Disk Read Throughput",
      "description": "Disk read throughput in bytes per second, broken down by instance and device. Identifies which disks are handling the most read traffic.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 19
      },
      "id": 6,
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "sum by (instance, device) (rate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval]))",
          "legendFormat": "{{instance}} {{device}}",
          "refId": "A"
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      ],
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        "defaults": {
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            "showPoints": "never",
            "pointSize": 5,
            "stacking": {
              "mode": "none",
              "group": "A"
            },
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
            }
          },
          "unit": "Bps",
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "options": {
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "multi",
          "sort": "desc"
        },
        "legend": {
          "displayMode": "table",
          "placement": "right",
          "calcs": [
            "mean",
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            "lastNotNull"
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        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Disk Write Throughput",
      "description": "Disk write throughput in bytes per second, broken down by instance and device. Identifies which disks are handling the most write traffic.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 12,
        "y": 19
      },
      "id": 7,
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "sum by (instance, device) (rate(node_disk_written_bytes_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval]))",
          "legendFormat": "{{instance}} {{device}}",
          "refId": "A"
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      ],
      "fieldConfig": {
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            "lineWidth": 1,
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              "type": "linear"
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            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
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          },
          "unit": "Bps",
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
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          "thresholds": {
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              {
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        "overrides": []
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      "options": {
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          "mode": "multi",
          "sort": "desc"
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        "legend": {
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          "calcs": [
            "mean",
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            "lastNotNull"
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    },
    {
      "type": "row",
      "title": "I/O Performance",
      "collapsed": false,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 27
      },
      "id": 8,
      "panels": []
    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Average Read Latency",
      "description": "Average time per completed read operation. Calculated as total read time divided by completed reads. High values indicate slow disk response.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 8,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 28
      },
      "id": 9,
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "rate(node_disk_read_time_seconds_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval]) / rate(node_disk_reads_completed_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval])",
          "legendFormat": "{{instance}} {{device}}",
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "custom": {
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "lineInterpolation": "smooth",
            "lineWidth": 1,
            "fillOpacity": 15,
            "gradientMode": "none",
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            "showPoints": "never",
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            "stacking": {
              "mode": "none",
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            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
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          },
          "unit": "s",
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
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              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
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        },
        "overrides": []
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      }
    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Average Write Latency",
      "description": "Average time per completed write operation. Calculated as total write time divided by completed writes. High values indicate slow disk response or write saturation.",
      "gridPos": {
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        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
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      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "rate(node_disk_write_time_seconds_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval]) / rate(node_disk_writes_completed_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval])",
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              "type": "linear"
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              "mode": "off"
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          },
          "unit": "s",
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        "overrides": []
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            "lastNotNull"
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    },
    {
      "type": "timeseries",
      "title": "Disk Utilization %",
      "description": "Percentage of time the disk is busy processing I/O requests. Values near 100% indicate the disk is saturated and may be a bottleneck.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 8,
        "x": 16,
        "y": 28
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      "id": 11,
      "datasource": {
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        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
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      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "sum by (instance) (rate(node_disk_io_time_seconds_total{instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval])) * 100",
          "legendFormat": "{{instance}}",
          "refId": "A"
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      ],
      "fieldConfig": {
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            "drawStyle": "line",
            "lineInterpolation": "smooth",
            "lineWidth": 2,
            "fillOpacity": 25,
            "gradientMode": "scheme",
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            "showPoints": "never",
            "pointSize": 5,
            "stacking": {
              "mode": "none",
              "group": "A"
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            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
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            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "line"
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          },
          "unit": "percent",
          "min": 0,
          "max": 100,
          "color": {
            "mode": "continuous-GrYlRd"
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          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
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              {
                "color": "green",
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              {
                "color": "yellow",
                "value": 50
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                "color": "red",
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        "overrides": []
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      "options": {
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          "calcs": [
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    },
    {
      "type": "row",
      "title": "Inodes",
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      "gridPos": {
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        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 36
      },
      "id": 12,
      "panels": []
    },
    {
      "type": "bargauge",
      "title": "Inode Usage %",
      "description": "Percentage of used inodes per filesystem. Running out of inodes prevents creating new files even when disk space is available. Monitor for filesystems with many small files.",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 6,
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        "y": 37
      },
      "id": 13,
      "datasource": {
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        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "(1 - node_filesystem_files_free{instance=~\"$node\", mountpoint=~\"$mountpoint\", fstype!~\"tmpfs|overlay\"} / node_filesystem_files{instance=~\"$node\", mountpoint=~\"$mountpoint\", fstype!~\"tmpfs|overlay\"}) * 100",
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      ],
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                "color": "yellow",
                "value": 70
              },
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                "color": "red",
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              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "percent",
          "min": 0,
          "max": 100,
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            "mode": "thresholds"
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        "overrides": []
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      "options": {
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
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          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "orientation": "horizontal",
        "displayMode": "gradient",
        "showUnfilled": true,
        "minVizWidth": 8,
        "minVizHeight": 16,
        "valueMode": "color"
      }
    }
  ]
}